Populus deltoides, or eastern cottonwood, is native to North America, thriving in the eastern, central, and southwestern United States, as well as the southern Canadian prairies and the southernmost part of eastern Canada. It is a fast-growing tree ideal for naturalized areas, parks, and rural lowlands. It thrives in full sun and moist, well-drained soils, tolerating drought once established. Cottonwood is best suited for rural or riparian areas where their rapid growth can be managed. Its messiness, with large leaf drops and cottony seeds, can be mitigated by planting cotton-less cultivars.
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Planting Site and Native Range
Planting Site
Naturalization, Parks, Highway, Residential
Management Notes
Management Notes
Wood is brittle and vulnerable to storm breakage
Tree Characteristics
Growth Rate
Fast (60cm or more per year)
Width
14 - 21m
Height
23 - 30m
Soil Quantity
>30 m
Leaves
Evergreen
Insects and Diseases
Insects and Diseases
Poplars in general have many pests and diseases that influence its appearance, preformance and survival. These pests include Forest Tent Caterpillar, Poplar Petiolegall Aphid, Poplar Sawfly, Poplar Vagabond Aphid and canker.
Tree Tolerances
Soil Salt Tolerance
Unknown
Salt Spray Tolerance
Tolerant
Flooding Tolerance
High
Drought Tolerance
Moderate
pH Tolerance
Tolerant of acid to alkaline soil (5.0 to 8.0)
Shade Tolerance
Full Sun
Plant Hardiness Zone
Zone 3 (a/b) | Zone 4 (a/b) | Zone 5 (a/b) | Zone 6 (a/b)