Tsuga canadensis, or Canadian hemlock, is native to eastern North American and thrives in well-drained locations. While somewhat adaptable to pH levels, it prefers acidic soil, and cool, moist but typically well-drained conditions. This slow-growing tree grows in light shade and sheltered sunny locations but will not typically thrive when planted in deep shade. Sunscorch and drought can cause significant damage, potentially killing the tree. Healthy trees can withstand the various diseases and pests that are known to impact this tree including leaf blight, cankers, blister and needle rusts, and sapwood rot. The invasive insect, hemlock wooly adelgid is threatening the future of this species in eastern Canada. There are treatment options for trees with light infestations, but untreated trees will typically succumb to this pest within a few years.
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Planting Site and Native Range
Planting Site
Naturalization, Parks, Highway, Residential
Management Notes
Management Notes
Plant away from windy or polluted areas
Tree Characteristics
Growth Rate
Slow (less than 30cm per year)
Width
8 - 11m
Height
12 - 21m
Soil Quantity
21 - 30 m
Leaves
Evergreen
Insects and Diseases
Insects and Diseases
In proper planting sites this tree species will have few pest and disease issues. Avoid areas that experience prolonged periods of dry soil. This will stress the tree causing it to be more susceptible to pests and diseases.
Tree Tolerances
Soil Salt Tolerance
Sensitive
Salt Spray Tolerance
Unknown
Flooding Tolerance
Moderate
Drought Tolerance
Low
pH Tolerance
Tolerant of acid to alkaline soil (5.0 to 8.0)
Shade Tolerance
Full Sun Part Shade Full Shade
Plant Hardiness Zone
Zone 3 (a/b) | Zone 4 (a/b) | Zone 5 (a/b) | Zone 6 (a/b)