Betula papyrifera, also known as the paper birch, or canoe birch, is a beautiful, Ontario-native tree known for its striking white bark. It thrives in acidic, moist, well-drained soils and full sun. While resilient, it can be susceptible to pests and diseases like bronze birch borer, aphids, and leaf miners, though Renaissance cultivars offer slightly greater resistance to the borer. Paper birch prefers cooler, dry conditions and may struggle in warmer, humid environments or urban areas with high pollution. With proper care, it adds elegance to many landscapes as a specimen tree. White birch should not be a first choice for planting in urban conditions unless space is provided to plant several.
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Planting Site and Native Range
Planting Site
Naturalization, Parks, Residential
Management Notes
Management Notes
Can be multi-stemmed or single trunk
Tree Characteristics
Growth Rate
Fast (60cm or more per year)
Width
7 - 15m
Height
15 - 21m
Soil Quantity
21 - 30 m
Leaves
Deciduous
Insects and Diseases
Insects and Diseases
Indication that this species is more resistant to the bronze birch borer compared to Betula pendula, although it is still affected. Other pests include birch leaf miners, birch skeletonizers and aphids.
Tree Tolerances
Soil Salt Tolerance
Unknown
Salt Spray Tolerance
Tolerant
Flooding Tolerance
Moderate
Drought Tolerance
Low
pH Tolerance
Tolerant of acid to slightly alkaline soil (pH 5.0 to 7.5)
Shade Tolerance
Full Sun Part Shade
Plant Hardiness Zone
Zone 2 (a/b) | Zone 3 (a/b) | Zone 4 (a/b) | Zone 5 (a/b) | Zone 6 (a/b)